LowCross-Buffer® - Sample Diluent

ELISA is the abbreviation for Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay.
The principle is the binding of a labeled specific antibody to the target antigen (called analyte). The signal of the enzyme labeled antibody is the conversion of a substrate, which can be detected and quantified...more information

The Western blotting technique is used to detect proteins from crude mixtures. First, the proteins are separated by gel-electrophoresis into bands. Then all proteins are transferred to a membrane, where the target protein band is detected with primary antibodies specific to the target protein....more information

In immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry tissue or cell structures are stained by using antibodies. A very good local resolution can be achieved, if preparation of tissue slices is optimized and blocking of nonspecific binding is effective. Thus not only presence, but also localization of an analyte can be visualized. Detection is done commonly either by enzymatic substrate-conversion or by fluorescence-labeling...more information

Protein arrays are miniaturized assays for detection of many proteins in parallel. They use proteins or antibodies immobilized on surfaces such as glass slides or beads. A single target protein is detected either by localization of a signal at a specific point in the array or by differences in the specific beads, which can be individually coded e.g. by color or fluorescence. The major advantage of this technique is that many analytes can be detected at the same time from one sample. But cross-talk between the multiplexed assays has to be avoided to enable sufficient reliability of results.....more information

Immuno-PCR combines ELISA technique with the exponential signal enhancement of a PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The specific antibodies are labeled with a DNA marker. By using the amplification steps of the PCR, the sensitivity can be better compared to the “classic” ELISA. Due to the fact that signals from nonspecific binding are significantly enhanced by the PCR-reaction, false-positive results are very common. As a consequence effective blocking of the plate surface and avoiding of interference are extremely important for Immuno-PCR....more information